作者是西雅圖大學生物系的 Margaret Hudson 老師,製作了心房心室之間的瓣膜,還有心室到動脈間的瓣膜。影片有二部:Making Working Models of Heart Valves
連結
https://youtu.be/H4q1u2aCbjo
https://youtu.be/TUUrcK-8pnc
首先是心房心室之間的瓣膜,左邊是攤開來的瓣膜模型,不過有經過一些簡化了,像是代表腱索的棉線就只有黏上三條。而右邊捲起來的,腱索我黏了10條線。
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1-dL6Ue1tdY1EdPyH1yi0mWb-S3LCx-JdEZugZTu0CACBLipK9tSX2wcBQhv0FU7UNTUtVDYdqYWAoj7S-IAiZ0cBvd0XBH3pIAwrKJ07rGg8pdS7qjgEgDMa0x3aS8RXYVVx/s400/IMG_20171113_083921.jpg)
這樣的瓣膜在逆向流動的時候,就會把瓣膜往上翻,而腱索則阻止過度翻開。
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjfw6VjbB4GZfm_lYn4TTh7sDnJeC-kwyldn6KZDvPiami50NsjRUQHIJ85KZi3brbYP4kI7TqkvrYj1Cl0HUxAVQSPnwnvaAhOhB3jpHxUs5LDouBiax5PxLRLL0WLCJ8tjv9/s400/IMG_20171113_083933.jpg)
這是從心房處往心室望去,這個方向流動,血液可以流得順暢
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzMQeuuRm018jC0bV_EhGsgYP3z4z7VxG00hSNWqDrJpieV_3zX1jfYEaArTbNoGdOI8Ka1BgrGWuoJt40kduH370d1fl8Qi83mNW-CfSI1r2E-oGdBvG9eVexGfudf_BNNeSS/s400/IMG_20171113_081515.jpg)
側面就像這樣
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMod8P-0GQUaSaq6RL9iEOwmbwqmLtOYDM3ZDprI-hPRcxGAXuGy8KCdFB90d80Z54F5vgB9elvzFSpOz-70Z-zSX9eooINBr1zXU9doetdptgwUTg2iFwYgK7PrI-Q476sz-6/s400/IMG_20171113_082117.jpg)
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1-dL6Ue1tdY1EdPyH1yi0mWb-S3LCx-JdEZugZTu0CACBLipK9tSX2wcBQhv0FU7UNTUtVDYdqYWAoj7S-IAiZ0cBvd0XBH3pIAwrKJ07rGg8pdS7qjgEgDMa0x3aS8RXYVVx/s400/IMG_20171113_083921.jpg)
這樣的瓣膜在逆向流動的時候,就會把瓣膜往上翻,而腱索則阻止過度翻開。
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjfw6VjbB4GZfm_lYn4TTh7sDnJeC-kwyldn6KZDvPiami50NsjRUQHIJ85KZi3brbYP4kI7TqkvrYj1Cl0HUxAVQSPnwnvaAhOhB3jpHxUs5LDouBiax5PxLRLL0WLCJ8tjv9/s400/IMG_20171113_083933.jpg)
這是從心房處往心室望去,這個方向流動,血液可以流得順暢
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzMQeuuRm018jC0bV_EhGsgYP3z4z7VxG00hSNWqDrJpieV_3zX1jfYEaArTbNoGdOI8Ka1BgrGWuoJt40kduH370d1fl8Qi83mNW-CfSI1r2E-oGdBvG9eVexGfudf_BNNeSS/s400/IMG_20171113_081515.jpg)
側面就像這樣
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMod8P-0GQUaSaq6RL9iEOwmbwqmLtOYDM3ZDprI-hPRcxGAXuGy8KCdFB90d80Z54F5vgB9elvzFSpOz-70Z-zSX9eooINBr1zXU9doetdptgwUTg2iFwYgK7PrI-Q476sz-6/s400/IMG_20171113_082117.jpg)
側面看是這樣
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrDrHlG-_RKQ124hkKYkMPOBdzIXw6pIkTSnVQ1Z960Tb0TppKoIxLBb76pyF4y53lpUalvocDy9HNTzTbvcuCP3_uAy1OWr5FF98FxBQ0ULAIZbj9Dj6UNDiasBCWFwi7KnfS/s400/IMG_20171113_082055.jpg)
接下來是心室到動脈之間的半月瓣膜,左邊是單一瓣膜的構造,方便說明,右邊則是捲起來,內有三片瓣膜。
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipo8HB2W7C8wy_D1XDtkBwYnxH-b_YK5Ca03Jz7Ex3wkvDhQGTkqw-WtnKJSRub3BpdEp3iExoXy8ZR2uE8rJrMHVqIWb0oCqMtgfnXd0rIAMHRDE9feFxPSVsPk2gR4MKAY5h/s400/IMG_20171113_084005.jpg)
這種瓣膜像是袋子一樣,從心室往動脈流動,袋子會貼著管壁,但是動脈要逆流回心室時,就會讓袋口打開使血管關閉
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQaCw3Aak20iFdnCgwKjb6uKc-ANbDo-G_e7mrsK-JY5vXZUUg9Au0df5gXtSSk6PTmBw4iSUlnBn9bscgCooCVorVyrHqilxTM69XSPE_vLvI-X3uhM85NwzhitkEL3xNT4pi/s400/IMG_20171113_084014.jpg)
這是心室往動脈方向望去,血流順暢
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimasCRe-cYgpJM4fmJtivSzU8BnAg93LHI75CFmF-0sr8hMvnJlgeCDJDe1vd5jBegn7_0QELCCOhW_d82ZA546IIHIGLPFoJB25CdBU-hfvmRkO1bISqLmDm5wOfhnJbriUrY/s400/IMG_20171113_082333.jpg)
側面看的樣子
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzCQ7455I5EOarfK-LgQ1mv29tSiuo4ZkHz-hsp2_IQWpFGnZ6yvVuorYc6cyBS_D6slllwc-WReusXe9l9BNr37exGHuJolSl5NKIA00My4zjaChveOoRzqhHf2DFn9pm4ECS/s400/IMG_20171113_082338.jpg)
血液逆向的時候,就會讓管子封閉
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhntSjf7oif-94TJUfb5rIs28knqZVRzuQq7z9o5XiNvexN9SkgKZPl7mNqLf1svrlMBULSpc1Fnfg2z5pJ_RRplLzBgPl0D4lSgHJCZDpoYBIcK0pFMKAIOK1g8ep2z-vpvVEI/s400/IMG_20171113_082355.jpg)
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhntSjf7oif-94TJUfb5rIs28knqZVRzuQq7z9o5XiNvexN9SkgKZPl7mNqLf1svrlMBULSpc1Fnfg2z5pJ_RRplLzBgPl0D4lSgHJCZDpoYBIcK0pFMKAIOK1g8ep2z-vpvVEI/s400/IMG_20171113_082355.jpg)
側面看好像沒什麼感覺,所以還是要從管口來看比較清楚
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRgbbVppxysAcci8rSiwCOfhY9Fkdo4dMCCVBSIl9S3bpRr53ZAYTSK-mwxSpB-EaQ-2wEmOCUoGJaPwHnUgyAbmHPmI4c-v99sW1_g2il2Caj0eSXDDB-8wiyjDiFWevk7JcW/s400/IMG_20171113_082401.jpg)
因為材料不難取得,如果要讓學生更了解,我想最好就是讓學生自己做,但時間至少也要半節課。我覺得可以製作半月瓣(就是第二種),也能一起講解靜脈瓣。
*塑膠片可以在文具行買到,或者拿護貝膠膜護貝空的也行。如果不在意側面觀看的透明感,拿A4白紙也是可以啊。